Myra (Demre) is one of the oldest Lycian settlements on the Mediterranean coast. Coins from the 5th century BC reveal that Myra was a significant Lycian trading centre and among the six principal Lycian cities. The city was completely destroyed by a devastating earthquake in AD 140, but experienced a second golden era when the Romans rebuilt and adorned it with splendid monuments. Today, elaborately carved Lycian rock-cut tombs still overlook a magnificent Roman theatre.
Myra became the capital of the Lycian Confederation in the 5th century AD. Saint Nicholas (Santa Claus), who was born in Patara, served as the bishop of this ancient city. He became famous for his miracles and is revered as the patron saint of sailors and children. After his death, Myra transformed into one of Christianity's most sacred pilgrimage destinations. The remains of the Church of Saint Nicholas are preserved within the archaeological site; Crusaders transferred the saint's sarcophagus to Italy during the 11th century. Saint Nicholas is traditionally depicted as a tall, slender man dressed in a hooded robe. An annual three-day Saint Nicholas Festival is held in Demre around December 6, commemorating the saint's feast day.